With non-controllable auto-regressive shocks, the welfare of Ramsey optimal policy is the solution of a single Riccati equation of a linear quadratic regulator. The existing theory by Hansen and Sargent (2007) refers to an additional Sylvester equation but miss another equation for computing the...

We consider a frictionless constant endowment economy based on Leeper (1991). In this economy, it is shown that, under an ad-hoc monetary rule and an ad-hoc fiscal rule, there are two equilibria. One has active monetary policy and passive fiscal policy, while the other has passive monetary...

Based on the generalized method of moments (GMM) developed by Blundell and Bond (1998), the effect of economic complexity on the Gender Parity Index in education (GPI) is empirically analyzed over the period from 1984 to 2014. The results show, firstly, that the economic complexity positively...

The global objective of the paper is to analyze the direct and indirect effects of gender inequality in education on GDP per capita of the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) countries over the period from 1980 to 2014. Using an IV estimate and the GMM system estimator from...

The study analyzed the determinants of smallholder vegetable farmer’s access and demand to credit. Primary data were collected from hundred randomly selected farmers with the aid of structured questionnaires using multi-stage sampling procedures. One common approach used to modeling this...

Tourism is one of the most important factors in the productivity of the Mexican economy with significant multiplier effects on economic activity. This paper investigates possible causal relationships between tourism expenditure, real exchange rate and economic growth by using quarterly data....

Using sectorial indices of the Brazilian market, we compare the portfolio optimization approach known as risk parity with minimum variance and equally weighted approaches. We apply various estimators for the covariance matrix to each portfolio strategy, since portfolio variance is considered as...

In the analysis of group identification, Kasher and Rubinstein (1997), Logique Analyse 160, 385-395, have shown that any method to aggregate the opinions of a group of agents about the individuals in the group that posses a specific attribute, such as race, nationality, profession, etc., must be...

Frankel and Rose (1997, 1998) state that greater intensity of trading leads to more highly correlated business cycles across countries. Since 2005 Puerto Rico, which belongs to the US currency area, has suffered from economic stagnation. This raises the issue of whether currency areas lead to...

Index of refraction is found to be a good measure of economic inequality within the Lorenz curve framework. It has origin in geometrical optics, where it measures bending of a ray of light passing from one transparent medium into another. As light refracts according to characteristics of...