Long-term residential care (LTRC) is a key component of health and social care in Ireland. Prior to the pandemic, over 32,000 people used LTRC. As the population grows, especially at older ages, the importance of a LTRC sector that meets the needs of the population increases. The COVID-19...

The Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO) allows WTO Members to agree to temporarily waive obligations under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement). However, the TRIPS Decision adopted by the 12th WTO Ministerial...

This paper presents a weekly GDP indicator for Switzerland, which addresses the limitations of existing economic activity indicators using alternative high-frequency data created in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The indicator is obtained from a Bayesian mixed-frequency dynamic factor model...

Recent trends suggest that domestic demand alone may not be enough to explain the increase in overall demand for Canadian banknotes (Engert et al., 2019). Estimating foreign cash demand is difficult due to data availability issues and confounding factors that simultaneously affect domestic...

The negotiations on the Pandemic Agreement offered a key opportunity for the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 194 Member States to address the weaknesses of existing international regulations governing global health – and to adopt a new legal instrument at the Seventy-seventh World Health...

This paper investigates the determinants of corporate green bond issuance using annual firm-level data for 300 issuers of green bonds, which issued green bonds over the period 2017-2021. Using the Poisson fixed-effects models we find that bond-specific characteristics, such as maturity, coupon...

School closures have a negative impact on children's educational outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Central Asia and the Caucasus introduced online classes and TV programs with a view to preventing learning loss. Based on a household survey in nine countries (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan,...